Hello, World!

Window frame

Rust Python

TODO

At the moment, this example is broken because I don't know how to pass the string into the Application struct for string interpolation.

use gtk4::prelude::*;
use gtk4::{Application, ApplicationWindow};

fn main() {
    let name = String::new();
    if let Some(s) = 42std::env::args().nth(1) {
        name = s;
    } else {
        name = String::from("World");
    };

    let app = Application::builder()
        .application_id("com.example.learning-gtk")
        .build();
    app.connect_activate(build_ui);
    println!("{}", app.name);
    app.run();
}

fn build_ui(app: &Application) {
    let window = ApplicationWindow::builder()
        .application(app)
        .title("Hello, World!")
        .default_height(300)
        .default_width(300)
        .build();
    window.present();
}

import sys
import gi
gi.require_version("Gtk", "3.0")
from gi.repository import Gtk

class ApplicationWindow(Gtk.ApplicationWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, name, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.set_default_size(300,300)
        self.set_title(f"Hello, {name}!")
        self.show_all()


class Application(Gtk.Application):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(application_id="com.example.learning-gtk")
        self.name = name

    def do_activate(self):
        self.window = ApplicationWindow(application=self, name=self.name)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
        app = Application(sys.argv[-1])
    else:
        app = Application("World")
    app.run()

Label

Rust Python

import gi
gi.require_version("Gtk","3.0")
from gi.repository import Gtk
import sys


class ApplicationWindow(Gtk.ApplicationWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, name, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.set_size_request(200, 200)
        self.add(Gtk.Label(label=f"Hello, {name}!"))

class Application(Gtk.Application):
    def __init__(self, name = "World", *args, **kwargs):
        self.name = name
        super().__init__(*args, application_id="org.example.myapp", **kwargs)

    def do_activate(self):
        self.window = ApplicationWindow(application=self, name, title = f"Hello, {self.name}!")
        self.window.show_all()
        self.window.present()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = Application()
    app.run()

Button reveal

Interface

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
  <requires lib="gtk+" version="3.40">
  <object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="window">
    <property name="title">My GTK App</property>
    <property name="default-width">300</property>
    <property name="default-height">300</property>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkButton" id="button">
        <property name="label">Press me!</property>
        <property name="margin-top">12</property>
        <property name="margin-bottom">12</property>
        <property name="margin-start">12</property>
        <property name="margin-end">12</property>  
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

Rust Python

use gtk::prelude::*;
use gtk::{Application, ApplicationWindow, Button};

fn main() {
    let app = Application::builder()
        .application_id("org.gtk-rs.example")
        .build();

    app.connect_activate(build_ui);
    app.run();
}

fn build_ui(app: &Application) {
    let builder = gtk::Builder::from_string(include_str!("window.ui"));
    let window: ApplicationWindow = builder
        .object("window")
        .expect("Could not get object `window` from builder.");
    let button: Button = builder
        .object("button")
        .expect("Could not get object `button` from builder.");

    window.set_application(Some(app));

    button.connect_clicked(move |button| { // (1)
        button.set_label("Hello World!");
    });

    window.set_child(Some(&button));
    window.show_all();
    window.present();
}

1. This move keyword appears to be unnecessary.

import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk

class Application(Gtk.Application):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(application_id='org.example.myapp')

    def do_activate(self):
        builder = Gtk.Builder.new_from_file('hw-button.ui')
        self.window = builder.get_object('window')
        self.button = builder.get_object('button')
        self.button.connect('clicked', self.on_button_clicked)
        self.window.connect('destroy', Gtk.main_quit)
        self.window.show_all()
        self.window.present()

    def on_button_clicked(self, button):
        self.button.set_label('Hello, World!')

    def run(self):
        super().run()
        Gtk.main()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = Application()
    app.run()

Interactive

Rust Python

import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk


class ApplicationWindow(Gtk.ApplicationWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        box = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL, spacing=10)
        self.add(box)

        question = Gtk.Label.new("What is your name?")
        box.add(question)

        self.entry = Gtk.Entry(text="World")
        box.add(self.entry)

        button = Gtk.Button.new_with_mnemonic("Greet")
        button.connect("clicked", self.on_button_clicked, self)
        box.add(button)

    def on_button_clicked(self, button, parent):
        dialog = Gtk.MessageDialog(
            message_type=Gtk.MessageType.INFO,
            text=f"Hello, {parent.entry.get_text()}",
            parent=parent,
        )
        dialog.add_button("OK", Gtk.ResponseType.OK)
        dialog.run()
        dialog.destroy()

class Application(Gtk.Application):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(application_id='org.example.myapp')

    def do_activate(self):
        self.window = ApplicationWindow(application=self)
        self.window.show_all()
        self.window.present()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = Application()
    app.run()

HeaderBar

Rust Python

import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
import sys

class ApplicationWindow(Gtk.ApplicationWindow):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.set_default_size(-1, -1)
        # headerbar = Gtk.HeaderBar(title=f"Hello, {name}!", subtitle="HeaderBar example", show_close_button=True)
        headerbar = Gtk.HeaderBar()
        headerbar.set_title(f"Hello, World!")
        headerbar.set_subtitle("HeaderBar example")
        headerbar.set_show_close_button(True)
        self.set_titlebar(headerbar)

        button = Gtk.Button(label="Greet")
        button.connect("clicked", self.on_button_clicked, self)
        headerbar.add(button)

        self.entry = Gtk.Entry(text="World", name="entry")
        headerbar.add(self.entry)

    def on_button_clicked(self, button, parent):
        dialog = Gtk.MessageDialog(
            message_type=Gtk.MessageType.INFO,
            text=f"Hello, {parent.entry.get_text()}!",
            parent=parent,
        )
        dialog.add_button("O_K", Gtk.ResponseType.OK)
        dialog.run()
        dialog.destroy()

class HeaderBar(Gtk.Application):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(application_id="org.example.headerbar")

    def do_activate(self):
        self.window = ApplicationWindow(application=self)
        self.window.show_all()
        self.window.present()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = HeaderBar()
    app.run()